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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Prophylactic rule ： ウィキペディア英語版 Prophylactic rule A prophylactic rule is a judicially crafted rule that overprotects a constitutional right, and gives more protection than such right might abstractly seem to require on its face, in order to safeguard that constitutional right or improve detection of violations of that right.〔Caminker, Evan. “(Miranda and Some Puzzles of ‘Prophylactc’ Rules ),” ''University of Cincinnati Law Review'' (2001).〕 An example is the case of ''Miranda v. Arizona'' which adopted a prophylactic rule (“Miranda warnings") to protect the Fifth Amendment right against self-incrimination. The exclusionary rule, which restricts admissibility of evidence in court, is also sometimes considered to be a prophylactic rule.〔''United States v. Herrera'', (444 F.3d 1238 ) (10th Cir. 2006).〕 The notion of prophylactic rules is controversial. U.S. Supreme Court Justices Antonin Scalia and Clarence Thomas have argued against them, writing that the ability of judges to create these rules "is an immense and frightening antidemocratic power, and it does not exist."〔''Dickerson v. United States'', (530 U.S. 428 ) (2000) (dissenting opinion).〕 ==Footnotes== 〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Prophylactic rule」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.